Abstract

The word “abstract” describes ideas that are not linked to specific examples or objects. These ideas are general or universal. Abstract concepts differ from concrete concepts, which refer to specific things in the world.

Definition mentioned in the TKT Glossary:
Connected to thoughts and ideas rather than real objects, situations or actions. A text can be abstract and we use abstract words to express things like thoughts (e.g. believe), feelings (e.g. love) or ideas (e.g. beauty). Words for things that cannot be seen or touched are abstract words.

Explanation of ‘abstract’ with an example

“Justice” is an abstract idea. It represents a general principle, not linked to specific actions or decisions. On the other hand, punishing a criminal for a crime is a specific example of justice in action.

Examples for abstract

Beauty:
It’s a concept that refers to a general idea of what is aesthetically pleasing or attractive, rather than specific examples of beautiful objects.

Freedom:
It’s an abstract concept that refers to a general idea of the ability to act and make choices without external constraints or limitations.

Existence:
It’s a concept that refers to the general idea of being, or the fact that something exists, regardless of its specific properties or characteristics.

They can be useful, but might confuse people if not clear. Use them carefully and ensure they are familiar to your audience.

Can you think of other examples? Write them in your notebook.

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